Category: Enneagram

Tantra, the Enneagram, Divine Eros
Sexuality and Personal Growth

Though emerging from distinct cultural and philosophical traditions, the worlds of Tantra and the Enneagram offer profound insights when viewed through an integrative lens. Both systems address the interplay of human consciousness, desire, and transformation. By examining the ancient texts of Tantra alongside the psychological and spiritual frameworks of the Enneagram, a compelling dialogue emerges—one that illuminates the nature of human sexuality and personal growth.

Energy and Transformation

Tantra and the Enneagram emphasize energy as a driving force for growth and transformation. Tantra views sexual energy (Kundalini) as a potent source of spiritual awakening. The practices outlined in texts like the Vijnanabhairava Tantra harness this energy to transcend duality, turning primal desires into gateways for divine realization. Similarly, the Enneagram reveals how each type manages and expresses energy. Understanding these patterns provides a roadmap for individuals to channel their energy, fostering self-awareness and integration consciously.

For instance, a Type 8 (The Challenger) often radiates intense, assertive energy, which can sometimes manifest as control or domination. This energy can be redirected through Tantric principles to cultivate deeper intimacy and authentic connection. In contrast, a Type 5 (The Investigator), who conserves energy and withdraws to feel secure, might use Tantric awareness to embrace emotional expression and vulnerability.

As the Tantrasara describes, “Shakti dances in infinite forms, creating and dissolving the cosmos, while Shiva, in his stillness, witnesses. The union of these principles within the practitioner awakens dormant energies, dissolving duality and revealing the sacred within.” This dynamic energy and stillness interplay mirrors the Enneagram’s transformative pathways, where fixations give way to essence through conscious integration.

Further underscoring this perspective, the Kularnava Tantra states, “Through the union of Shiva and Shakti, the universe is created. Within each of us, this divine dance continues, waiting to be awakened.” This reinforces the transformative potential of harmonizing these energies, paralleling the Enneagram’s vision of transcending ego-driven behaviors.

Beyond individual growth, these principles can influence group dynamics. Imagine a team where Type 3s (The Achievers) harness their energy for shared goals while Type 7s (The Enthusiasts) introduce dynamic, innovative ideas. Collective transformations become possible by blending the transformative insights of Tantra’s energy work and the Enneagram’s awareness of energy flows.

Historical Roots and Context

The origins of both Tantra and the Enneagram provide deeper insights into their shared goals. Tantra, emerging from ancient Indian traditions, presents a cosmological framework where the physical and spiritual are intertwined. Central to this worldview is the union of Shiva (consciousness) and Shakti (energy). This interplay mirrors the Enneagram’s exploration of the dynamic forces within the human psyche—forces that must be balanced and integrated for growth.

The Vijnanabhairava Tantra describes 112 meditative techniques to explore states of consciousness; many parallel the Enneagram’s focus on presence and awareness. For example, meditating on breath transitions in Tantra aligns with the Enneagram’s practices for disrupting fixation patterns and reconnecting with essence. The text states, “When one’s attention is absorbed in the pause between the inhalation and the exhalation, the essence of the universe reveals itself. In that stillness, the seeker becomes the infinite.”

Similarly, the Enneagram’s Sufi origins emphasize the spiritual journey through understanding the self. These traditions view the ego’s patterns as veils obscuring one’s essence. Like Tantra, the Enneagram proposes methods to transcend these patterns and rediscover unity. As Georg Feuerstein explains in Tantra: The Path of Ecstasy, “Tantra is not about seeking pleasure for its own sake, but about using pleasure as a vehicle for spiritual transformation.” This aligns with the Enneagram’s purpose of using self-awareness as a transformative tool.

Together, these systems illuminate the universal quest for liberation from the constraints of the ego and reconnection with the essence of being.

Shadow Work and Integration

Tantra invites practitioners to embrace the shadow—those parts of ourselves we fear or reject—as essential elements of spiritual growth. Tantra fosters wholeness and self-acceptance by integrating fears, desires, and vulnerabilities. Similarly, the Enneagram maps the ego’s defenses and core fears, offering a structure for shadow work. By confronting these shadows, individuals can transcend limiting beliefs and embrace their fuller selves.

The Kularnava Tantra offers more profound wisdom: “Desires are neither to be indulged recklessly nor rejected outright. They are the currents of life itself. Through awareness and discipline, they become the vehicle of liberation.” This perspective resonates with the Enneagram’s treatment of core fears and desires as pathways to transformation. For example, a Type 2 (The Helper), who often suppresses personal needs to gain approval, may explore their boundaries and desires through Tantric practices. A Type 6 (The Loyalist), who struggles with anxiety and trust, might use insights from both systems to cultivate surrender and inner security.

As A.H. Almaas explains in Facets of Unity: The Enneagram of Holy Ideas, “The Enneagram points to a deeper dimension of human experience, beyond the personality, where we can connect with our true essence and experience a sense of wholeness and unity.” This insight dovetails with Tantra’s emphasis on embracing all aspects of self as a path to liberation.

Shadow integration also plays a crucial role in relationships. Partners with opposing Enneagram fixations—such as a Type 8’s assertiveness and a Type 9’s tendency to avoid conflict—can use Tantric meditative techniques to explore their dynamics, ultimately fostering mutual growth and deeper connection.

Mindfulness and Presence

Central to Tantra and the Enneagram is cultivating mindfulness and presence. Tantra’s emphasis on conscious living—paying attention to sensations, emotions, and thoughts without judgment—mirrors the Enneagram’s call for awareness of personality patterns. Both systems guide practitioners toward inhabiting the present moment more fully.

The Vijnanabhairava Tantra emphasizes this in poetic terms: “O gazelle-eyed one, the mind becomes tranquil when the breath is steady. The veil of ignorance is lifted by fixing awareness on the space where the breath turns from inhalation to exhalation, and the seeker realizes their oneness with the infinite.” This description can guide a Type 7 (The Enthusiast), who often seeks stimulation to avoid discomfort and cultivate stillness and presence.

Moreover, mindfulness bridges the gap between fixation and essence. For example, a Type 1 (The Reformer) who practices Tantric mindfulness can shift from rigid perfectionism to compassionate self-acceptance, transforming their inner critic into an ally for growth.

Conscious Relationships

Tantra views relationships as sacred spaces for spiritual growth, emphasizing mutual respect, vulnerability, and authentic communication. The Enneagram complements this by providing a framework for understanding different communication styles and relational needs, fostering empathy and compassion in partnerships.

The Hevajra Tantra describes relationships as more than physical unions: “Union is not merely of bodies but of energies. When two souls meet with awareness, they reflect the divine dance of opposites, merging into a single flow. This is the ultimate form of intimacy and the gateway to liberation.” This insight enhances the discussion of how Tantra and the Enneagram guide couples to deeper intimacy. For example, a Type 1 (The Reformer) and a Type 7 (The Enthusiast) might struggle with contrasting approaches to structure and spontaneity. Yet, they could harmonize these differences through conscious practices as part of their shared spiritual journey.

In The Enneagram in Love and Work, Helen Palmer explains, “By understanding our Enneagram type, we can gain valuable insights into our patterns in relationships, including our fears, desires, and ways of communicating.” This knowledge complements Tantra’s focus on communication as a path to intimacy.

Embodiment and Pleasure

Tantra celebrates the body as a sacred vessel and encourages individuals to experience pleasure as a pathway to spiritual awakening. The Enneagram sheds light on how personality types influence one’s relationship with the body and pleasure, revealing areas for growth and exploration.

Georg Feuerstein captures Tantra’s essence in Tantra: The Path of Ecstasy: “In the Tantric view, the body is not an obstacle to spiritual realization but its vehicle. Every sensation, every breath, every movement holds the potential for awakening. By honoring the body as sacred, we honor the divine.” This philosophy can guide a Type 3 (The Achiever) to reconnect with their body and experience pleasure intrinsically rather than as a means to external validation.

Social and cultural conditioning often distort our relationships with pleasure. Tantra’s practices—such as sensory meditations and rituals celebrating the body—help individuals reclaim their inherent right to joy. Combined with the Enneagram’s insights into type-specific blockages, these practices unlock profound healing potential.

Instinctual Subtypes and Tantric Energy

The Enneagram’s instinctual subtypes—self-preservation, social, and sexual—add depth to this exploration by highlighting the primal drives influencing behavior. Each subtype offers a unique lens for understanding how individuals navigate intimacy and connection.

In The Complete Enneagram, Beatrice Chestnut explains, “The instinctual subtypes add another layer of complexity to the Enneagram, revealing how our basic survival instincts influence our motivations and behaviors.” This understanding complements Tantra’s focus on energy flows within the body.

The Guhyasamaja Tantra teaches: “Fear arises from the illusion of separation. When the practitioner recognizes the interconnectedness of all beings, fear dissolves like mist before the morning sun. This clarity opens the heart to love and compassion.” This insight is particularly resonant for the self-preservation and social subtypes, who often grapple with security and belonging.
- Self-Preservation Subtype: Focused on security and well-being, this subtype may benefit from grounding Tantric practices that foster safety and embodiment. For example, a Self-Preservation Five can create secure spaces for intimacy, gradually overcoming tendencies toward isolation.
- Social Subtype: Oriented toward belonging and community, this subtype thrives in practices emphasizing connection and shared experiences. A Social Two, for instance, can move beyond people-pleasing to explore authentic mutuality in relationships.
- Sexual Subtype: Driven by intensity and passion, this subtype resonates with Tantra’s exploration of deep connection and merging. A Sexual Four might confront fears of rejection and fully embrace the vulnerability required for transformative intimacy.
When these subtypes interact in relationships, Tantra’s focus on honoring diversity within unity provides a model for harmony. Understanding instinctual patterns allows couples to transcend misunderstandings and foster mutual support.

Creative Energies in the Enneagram

The interplay of Shiva (consciousness) and Shakti (energy) in Tantra mirrors the dynamic energies described in J.G. Bennett’s understanding of the Enneagram. Each Enneagram type reflects a unique fusion of stillness and dynamism, shaping their creative potential.
- Type 1 (The Reformer): Rooted in Shiva’s order, Type 1s create structure and clarity. They might embrace Shakti’s spontaneity to balance their perfectionist tendencies.
- Type 4 (The Individualist): Expressing Shakti’s dynamic creativity, Type 4s channel emotional intensity into art and self-expression. Cultivating Shiva’s stillness can ground their often turbulent inner world.
- Type 7 (The Enthusiast): Radiating Shakti’s exuberance, Type 7s innovate and explore with boundless energy. Integrating Shiva’s focus enhances their ability to manifest ideas.
Through the Enneagram’s framework and Tantra’s energetic practices, individuals can align these forces to unlock their creative and spiritual potential.

Liberation from Conditioning

Both systems confront the role of the superego in shaping our relationship to sexuality. The Enneagram’s emotional triad of anger, fear, and shame reveals how these emotions fuel repression, while Tantra provides tools to transcend these limitations.

The Kularnava Tantra states, “In the moment of fierce longing, when the heart burns with desire or grief, one should not turn away. Instead, enter that flame, which will consume the ego, leaving only the essence of the self.” This reflects the Enneagram’s teaching that emotions when consciously faced, lead to liberation.

In The Way of the Superior Man, David Deida captures the challenge of intimacy: “Your fear of being vulnerable is the greatest barrier to experiencing true intimacy.” Tantra and the Enneagram together provide a framework for moving beyond this fear, fostering deeper connection and authenticity.
- Anger (Type 8): Repressed anger may manifest as control or domination. Tantra encourages healthy expression, transforming this energy into passion and connection.
- Fear (Type 6): Anxiety around vulnerability can hinder intimacy. Tantric practices cultivate trust and surrender, breaking cycles of avoidance.
- Shame (Type 2): Internalized shame may suppress desires. Tantra’s celebration of embodiment and pleasure offers a pathway to self-acceptance.
By addressing these dynamics, Tantra and the Enneagram together dismantle the barriers imposed by conditioning, fostering authentic and liberated sexual expression.

Tantra, Enneagram, and the Sacred Union

At the heart of both systems lies the potential for a sacred union—whether between Shiva and Shakti or the integration of Enneagram polarities. This integration speaks to the universal yearning for wholeness, a return to essence.

The Enneagram’s paths of growth often involve harmonizing opposites. For example, Type 3s (The Achievers) can balance their drive for success with the stillness and presence of being. Similarly, Type 9s (The Peacemakers) can move from complacency to active engagement. Tantra’s practices for merging Shiva’s consciousness with Shakti’s energy provide direct, embodied ways to access these growth paths.

In Introduction to Tantra, Gavin Flood describes this union beautifully: “The relationship between teacher and student in Tantra reflects the cosmic dance of Shiva and Shakti. It is a dynamic of mutual growth, where both are mirrors to each other’s divine essence.” This mirrors the relational growth explored in the Enneagram, where personal dynamics become opportunities for spiritual evolution.

Tantra invites practitioners to see their romantic or otherwise relationships as microcosms of this cosmic union. The practices of sacred sexuality reflect the interplay of dual forces, encouraging participants to honor the divine within themselves and their partners. This resonates deeply with the Enneagram’s focus on relational dynamics as opportunities for growth.

Collective Transformation

Integrating Tantra and the Enneagram is not limited to individual transformation; it has profound implications for collective healing. By addressing the root causes of shame, fear, and division, these systems offer a framework for cultivating empathy, connection, and authenticity on a societal level.

Emily Nagoski, in Come As You Are, highlights the complexity of sexuality: “Sexuality is a complex and multifaceted aspect of human experience, influenced by biological, psychological, and cultural factors. Understanding these factors can help us to cultivate a more positive and fulfilling relationship with our sexuality.” This aligns with Tantra and the Enneagram’s shared goal of fostering understanding and growth, both individually and collectively.

Integrating Tantra and the Enneagram offers pathways to unity and healing in a world increasingly fragmented by societal divisions. Tantra’s philosophy of non-duality—where opposites like Shiva and Shakti merge to create harmony—reflects the possibility of transcending dualities in society. Similarly, the Enneagram helps us understand our internal divides and conflicts arising when individuals or groups operate from ego-driven patterns.

As the Vijnanabhairava Tantra reminds us: “The universe is not separate from you. You are the universe.” This teaching invites a radical shift in perspective. When applied to collective transformation, it suggests that by healing the self, we also contribute to healing the world. As revealed by the Enneagram, awareness of our patterns equips us to interact with others more compassionately, fostering connections that honor the whole.

On a societal level, rituals and practices rooted in Tantra—such as group meditations, conscious communication circles, or shared breathwork—can serve as tools for communal healing. These practices can break through layers of fear and shame, perpetuating systemic inequalities and fostering a sense of shared humanity.

The Enneagram’s focus on instinctual subtypes further complements this vision. Understanding these instincts in the context of societal dynamics can help address fundamental issues like resource allocation, group belonging, and relational harmony. For example, recognizing how a community prioritizes self-preservation instincts can clarify tensions around safety and security, enabling leaders to address these concerns with sensitivity and insight.

Together, Tantra and the Enneagram encourage a broader perspective that sees individual and societal growth as interconnected. These systems contribute to a more compassionate and equitable world by fostering environments where diversity and shared purpose coexist.

A Unified Path to Transformation

The synthesis of Tantra and the Enneagram creates a unique framework for exploring the intersections of personal, relational, and societal transformation. Tantra’s emphasis on the sacredness of all experience and the Enneagram’s focus on self-awareness and growth offer complementary paths that deepen our understanding of ourselves and our connections with others.

By integrating the wisdom of Tantra, which views sexuality, desire, and energy as sacred, with the Enneagram’s map of personality patterns and relational dynamics, we gain powerful tools for addressing individual challenges and collective wounds. As both systems teach, vulnerability is not a weakness but a doorway to deeper connection, authenticity, and transformation.

In this synthesis, the dance of Shiva and Shakti mirrors the Enneagram’s quest for integration—where opposites are reconciled and essence is revealed. This awakening is not merely an individual journey but ripples outward, inspiring others and reshaping the collective consciousness.

The journey toward integration may challenge us to confront fears, embrace our shadows, and engage in the vulnerable work of connection. Yet it also promises profound transformation—a life where our desires become sacred, our relationships become mirrors of growth, and our collective potential is realized. Together, Tantra and the Enneagram invite us to step into this dance, not as separate beings but as interconnected expressions of the divine.

Tantra, in its essence, is an embrace of the totality of existence. It sees the divine in all aspects of life, including the erotic. This perspective challenges the traditional separation between the spiritual and the material, inviting us to experience the sacredness of our embodied existence.

The Dance of Eros and Spirit

The “Divine Eros” concept encapsulates this Tantric perspective, suggesting a harmonious union between the erotic and the spiritual and recognizing that these two aspects of our being are not mutually exclusive but somewhat intertwined and complementary.

This perspective challenges the conventional view that the erotic is somehow less spiritual or even antithetical to spiritual growth. Instead, it suggests that the erotic, when experienced with awareness and reverence, can be a powerful catalyst for spiritual awakening.

With its insightful map of the human psyche, the Enneagram can further illuminate our understanding of divine eros. Each Enneagram type brings unique perspectives and challenges to integrating the erotic and the spiritual.

For instance, Type 1s, with their strong sense of morality and their desire for perfection, may struggle with accepting the erotic as a sacred aspect of their being. Type 2s, with their focus on giving and their fear of being unwanted, may need to reclaim their erotic desires and express them authentically. Type 3s, driven by achievement and recognition, may need to shift their focus from external validation to the internal experience of pleasure and connection.

By understanding our Enneagram type, we can identify and work through the challenges that may hinder our experience of divine eros. We can use the Enneagram’s wisdom to embrace our whole selves, including our erotic nature, and integrate it into our spiritual journey.

The Role of Desire

Desire, a key component of the erotic, is often seen as a source of conflict and suffering. However, Tantra suggests that desire can be a powerful force for transformation when channeled consciously.

The Enneagram can help us understand how each type experiences and expresses desire. Type 4s, for example, may experience desire with great intensity and longing, while Type 5s may approach desire with more caution and reservation. By recognizing our type’s patterns around desire, we can work with them skillfully and use desire as a catalyst for growth.

The Erotic as a Pathway to the Divine

Presence, a key practice in Tantra, is essential for experiencing the fullness of the erotic and the spiritual. By cultivating presence, we can become more attuned to our sensations, emotions, and thoughts, allowing us to experience the erotic with greater awareness and depth.

The Enneagram can help us understand how each type might resist or avoid presence. Type 7s, for example, may distract themselves with constant activity and stimulation, while Type 9s may merge with others and lose touch with their inner experience. By recognizing these patterns, we can use Tantric practices to cultivate greater presence and embrace the fullness of each moment.

Tantra suggests that the erotic, when experienced with awareness and reverence, can be a pathway to the divine. It’s an invitation to embrace the fullness of our embodied existence and to experience the sacredness of all aspects of life.

The Enneagram, with its insightful map of the human psyche, can guide us on this journey, helping us to understand our unique challenges and opportunities for growth. By integrating the wisdom of these two systems, we can embark on a path of self-discovery and transformation, embracing the erotic as a sacred expression of our divine nature.

Divine eros emphasizes the importance of relationships as a context for experiencing and expressing divine eros. It introduces the concept of the “relational field,” a dynamic space where two individuals come together and co-create a shared reality. This field can be a fertile ground for spiritual growth and the exploration of divine eros, mainly when both individuals are present, open, and committed to authenticity.

The Enneagram can help us understand the dynamics within the relational field, shedding light on how different types interact, communicate, and navigate challenges together. For example, a relationship between a Type 5 and a Type 2 might involve a dance between the 5’s need for independence and the 2’s desire for connection. Understanding these dynamics allows both individuals to consciously work with their patterns and create a more fulfilling and supportive relationship.

The Role of Inquiry

Inquiry, a central practice in the Diamond Approach®, is presented as a key tool for exploring the depths of our experience and uncovering the truth of our being. It involves bringing a curious and open mind to our sensations, emotions, and thoughts, allowing them to reveal their more profound meaning and significance.

In the context of divine eros, inquiry can help us explore our relationship with the erotic, our fears and desires, and how our Enneagram type influences our experience. By bringing a spirit of inquiry to our erotic experiences, we can deepen our self-awareness and move towards greater authenticity and freedom.

Embracing the Fullness of Being

Ultimately, the integration of Tantra and the Enneagram, enriched by the perspective of divine eros, is an invitation to embrace the fullness of our being. It’s a call to recognize the sacred in all aspects of life, including the erotic, and to live with greater awareness, presence, and authenticity.

We can embark on self-discovery and transformation by understanding our Enneagram type, engaging in Tantric practices, and cultivating a spirit of inquiry. We can move beyond the limitations of the ego and embrace the boundless dimensions of our being, experiencing the erotic as a sacred expression of our divine nature.

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December 29
Enneagram Metaphysics
A Journey into the Enneagram Metaphysics of Transformation

Have you ever sensed that life unfolds in patterns—subtle yet profound? The Enneagram, a nine-pointed symbol, is more than a personality framework. It offers a timeless transformation map, reflecting universal and personal cycles and rhythms. This map illuminates how things change, evolve, and integrate, whether in personal growth or creative endeavors. To make this profound system tangible, let’s see how Enneagram metaphysics applies to a modern experience: launching an Instagram account.

What Is the Enneagram?

The Enneagram is a dynamic symbol composed of three elements:

The Circle: Represents unity and wholeness—the starting and ending point of all processes.

The Triangle: Represents the Law of Three, the interplay of forces required for creation and movement.

The Hexad: Reflects the Law of Seven, showing the rhythmic stages of growth and transformation.

Each of the nine points represents a distinct energy or step in a process. Together, they form a framework for understanding how creation unfolds. Let’s unpack this by following the journey of launching an Instagram account, a process millennials and creators often embark upon.

Unity and Purpose

The circle is the container for the process—the overarching purpose behind your effort. When you start an Instagram account, the circle holds your “why.”
- Maybe you’re sharing your fitness journey, building a travel blog, or promoting a personal brand.
- This purpose isn’t just an abstract idea—it’s the glue that binds every stage of creation.
All is one.
Parmenides

Without this unifying vision, the process lacks cohesion, leading to stagnation or misdirection. Ask yourself: What is my ultimate goal? The more precise your purpose, the more stable the circle holds your process.

The Law of Three

Every creative journey involves three fundamental forces:
- Active Force (Point 3): The spark of inspiration—the idea to start the account.
- Passive Force (Point 6): Challenges and resistance, such as time constraints, self-doubt, or competitive pressure.
- Reconciling Force (Point 9): The persistence and adaptive energy required to transform obstacles into stepping stones.
One becomes two, two becomes three, and out of the third comes the one as the fourth.
Maria Prophetissa

The triangle reminds us that movement only happens when all three forces are engaged. For example:
- Your initial excitement (Active Force) meets the reality of dwindling likes or slow follower growth (Passive Force).
- The reconciling energy comes from your determination to adapt, adjust, and keep going.
The Process of Creation

The Enneagram is a symbol of perpetual motion. It can help us understand the fundamental laws of the universe and the transformation of energy, but only if we approach it with more than the mind—with feeling and will.
J.G. Bennett

The hexad maps six distinct stages in bringing your Instagram project to life. Each point represents a critical phase, from inception to integration:
- Point 1: Inception
  - This is the moment of clarity and intention.
  - You create the account, brainstorm its purpose, choose a username, and imagine its aesthetic.
  - It’s where excitement meets possibility, but the real work is yet to begin.
- Point 4: Planning
  - Here, your vision takes form.
  - You brainstorm content ideas, draft captions, and develop a strategy.
  - The focus shifts from lofty goals to actionable steps—how will you launch? What posts will set the tone?
- Point 2: Action
  - This is the leap into reality.
  - You post your first content, engage with your audience, and experience the thrill of putting yourself out there.
  - Seeing how your efforts resonate in the real world is exhilarating and humbling.
- Point 8: Adjustment
  - Now, reality speaks back.
  - You analyze engagement metrics, like follower growth or comments, and tweak your approach.
  - Maybe hashtags need refining, or posting times require adjustment.
- Point 5: Reflection
  - Amid the busyness, you pause to reflect.
  - What’s working? What isn’t?
  - You notice that your audience engages more with authentic stories than curated visuals.
- Point 7: Integration
  - Here, everything comes together.
  - You establish a rhythm, balancing creativity with consistency.
  - Your account begins to reflect your vision as a cohesive, evolving presence.
Keeping the Process Alive

The Law of Seven teaches that processes don’t flow automatically to completion. Intentional energy—“shocks”—are needed to propel the journey forward.
- First Shock (Point 3 to Point 6)
  - After the initial excitement fades, motivation can waver.
  - This is the time to find inspiration from others or reignite your energy through new ideas.
- Second Shock (Point 6 to Point 9)
  - Obstacles challenge your commitment, but adapting to feedback injects renewed purpose, allowing the process to progress.
The shocks are necessary interruptions that prevent a process from falling into inertia or disintegration. They are moments of intervention—external or internal—that reawaken purpose and redirect energy toward the fulfillment of the process.
J.G. Bennett

Shocks aren’t setbacks; they’re opportunities to refine and grow.

What Does This Teach Us?

The Enneagram reveals universal truths about creation:
- Cyclic Nature: Progress isn’t linear but cyclical, requiring revisitation and refinement.
- Obstacles as Opportunities: Challenges deepen commitment and drive evolution.
- Balance: Success lies in harmonizing action with reflection and persistence with adaptability.
This insight applies far beyond Instagram—it’s a map for navigating any creative or transformative journey.

This moment is all there is. Dive into the heart of it and find the eternal rhythm of life.
Hazrat Inayat Khan

The Enneagram as a Personal Metaphysical Journey

Imagine encountering the Enneagram for the first time. Maybe it’s a meme about personality types or a friend’s glowing recommendation. Curiosity sparks, but skepticism lingers. You pick up a book, not knowing this small action marks the start of a transformative journey. The process begins with curiosity, symbolized by the circle, and unfolds through the triangle’s forces:

Active Force: Your curiosity drives exploration.

Passive Force: Skepticism questions the process.

Reconciling Force: Engaging—reading or exploring—propels you forward.

Discovery Through the Hexad

As you dive into the Enneagram, the six steps of discovery emerge:
- Point 1: Inception: The introduction excites you with its promise of self-understanding.
- Point 4: Exploration: You delve into types, recognizing traits that feel uncomfortably accurate.
- Point 2: Engagement: You reflect, take tests, or discuss insights, deepening your connection to the material.
- Point 8: Confrontation: The Enneagram challenges you to face patterns and blind spots, sparking discomfort and growth.
- Point 5: Reflection: Insights are integrated into your understanding, connecting concepts to personal experiences.
- Point 7: Integration: You see the Enneagram’s principles in action, applying them to relationships, work, and self-awareness.
Transformation Beyond the Map

Try not to resist the changes that come your way. Instead, let life live through you. And do not worry that your life is turning upside down. How do you know that the side you are used to is better than the one to come?
Shams Tabrizi

The Enneagram isn’t a static system but a living framework. Its principles evolve with you, inviting deeper layers of understanding over time. It offers tools for navigating life’s complexities, whether applied to personal growth, relationships, or creative projects. Ultimately, the Enneagram reminds us that transformation isn’t a destination—it’s an ongoing journey.

By engaging with its wisdom, we move closer to our true nature, one step at a time.

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December 1
Working with Fear
A Follow-Up to “What Americans Fear Most”

In the recent exploration of “What Americans Fear Most,” we uncovered a staggering truth: fear isn’t just a passing shadow in American life; it’s a constant companion. From corruption and illness to global threats, the fears shared by over half of the population reveal a nation grappling with uncertainty on every level. Yet beneath these specific fears lies something deeper, universal—the ego’s core fear of annihilation, the driving force behind its every action.

Podcast Discussion

This follow-up article isn’t about fixing fear or offering quick solutions. Instead, it’s about stepping into the storm with curiosity and courage. Fear, when faced, has the potential to be a powerful teacher, a guide to understanding what we value, protect, and resist. For coaches and those working with clients, fear isn’t just an obstacle; it’s an invitation to transformation. The following insights and practices are designed to help you work with fear—whether your own or your clients—and uncover the possibilities it holds for growth and self-discovery.

Where your fear is, there is your task.
Carl Jung

Let’s move beyond simply managing fear and learn how to engage with it as a partner toward deeper awareness.

Turning the Shadow into a Guide
1. Start by Meeting Fear Eye-to-Eye
  Invite your client to sit with their fear, no running, no hiding—just presence. Ask them to imagine fear as a guest who’s knocked on their door. What does it look like? Sound like? What’s its first demand? Suddenly, fear becomes tangible, not just a formless terror, and you’ve shifted the game from victim to participant.
2. Build a Sanctuary, Not a Fortress
  The work begins with trust—not in solutions, but in the space you hold together. Let them know this is where the fear can unravel and be messy and raw. Show them that the walls of this sanctuary don’t need to block fear out but can hold it safely inside for exploration.
3. The Question That Stops the Spin
  When fear circles like a vulture, ask the kind of question that brings it to a halt: “What’s the worst thing fear is protecting you from?” or “If this fear were a story, who’s writing the ending?” These aren’t quick fixes. They’re lit matches dropped into a dark cave—watch what lights up.
4. Make Fear an Ally, Not an Enemy
  Ask them to imagine fear not as an intruder but as a messenger with ancient wisdom. What does it want them to see? What treasure is buried beneath its warnings? This reframing can transform the energy of fear from resistance to curiosity.
5. The Body Never Lies
  Let them feel the fear—not just name it, but physically track it. Is it clenching in the chest, burning in the belly? Breathe with it, let it swell, then see what happens when they stop fighting. The body knows what the mind fears to confront. Let it guide the way out.
6. Steal from the Mystics
  Borrow the words of those who’ve walked through the fire. Share Rumi’s whisper: “Try not to resist the changes that come your way… the rose came from the thorn.” Or Buddha’s stark truth: “Fear does not prevent death. It prevents life.” These aren’t just quotes—they’re handholds in the climb.
7. Show Them Fear Is a Mirror
  Fear isn’t random; it’s precise. Reflect it to them: “What does this fear say about what you value most?” or “If this fear disappeared, what might you have to confront instead?” Let them discover that fear doesn’t just obscure—it also reveals.
8. Harness the Energy of the Dragon
  Fear is raw power, pure electricity. Show them how to ride it instead of shrink from it. Breathwork, movement, or even shouting into the void—turn the static charge of fear into momentum. It’s not about suppressing it but learning to dance with it.
9. Play with Paradox
  What if fear isn’t a problem to solve but a mystery to inhabit? Challenge them: “What if this fear isn’t asking for resolution but understanding?” Let the paradox sink in—sometimes the way out is not out but deeper.
10. End with the Unfinished Story
  Leave them this: “Fear will visit again—it always does. But each time, it teaches you more about what it means to live.” Let them ponder this: fear isn’t the enemy of courage. It’s the doorway to it.
Coaching through fear is not about giving answers.
It’s about lighting torches for your client as they walk their labyrinth,
knowing they’ll find themselves waiting somewhere at the center.
November 22
The Enneagram and the Election
Mapping Collective and Personal Processes of Fear and Transformation

With its intricate geometry and universal principles, the Enneagram offers a profound lens for understanding societal and personal transformation. Growth and change are rarely linear; they unfold in cycles, driven by moments of disruption known as shock points—instances where external energy or intervention becomes necessary to maintain momentum or shift direction. The recent U.S. presidential election serves as a shock point, exposing societal vulnerabilities and deepening fear and uncertainty for many. Yet, within this crisis lies the potential for transformation.

In the midst of chaos, there is also opportunity.
Sun Tzu, The Art of War

By mapping the election as a societal shock point and fear as a personal process onto the Enneagram, we can collectively and individually explore pathways for moving from despair to integration.

Podcast Discussion

The Election as a Shock Point

The Enneagram’s Law of Seven describes how processes unfold in cycles, encountering resistance or inertia. Shock points are critical moments where intentional energy is required to redirect the trajectory. In the current political crisis, the election has illuminated systemic cracks—economic inequality, democratic fragility, and societal polarization—that demand reckoning.

Point 6: Fear and Doubt in the Collective Psyche

The election reflects the energy of Point 6, a place of doubt, anxiety, and mistrust. Collective fear has manifested in:
- Uncertainty about the future: Concerns about whether democratic institutions can withstand erosion and upheaval.
- Distrust of leadership: Alarm over policies prioritizing the wealthy at the expense of the middle class and social safety nets.
- Anxiety over personal security: Fears about healthcare, financial stability, and fundamental rights.
While Point 6 is fraught with uncertainty, it also offers the potential to cultivate resilience and solidarity, transforming fear into a catalyst for collective action.

Point 8: The Dynamics of Power

The election has also activated the energy of Point 8, which, when misaligned, can manifest as domination and control. Policies favoring the top 1% deepen inequality, fostering division and survival-oriented behaviors. However, Point 8 also contains the potential for awakening: as the misuse of power becomes apparent, it can galvanize resistance and inspire the reclamation of collective agency.

Point 1: Reform and Justice

The suffering and despair experienced by the middle class may spark the energy of Point 1, representing clarity and the pursuit of justice. As inequities are exposed, reform-minded movements can emerge, driven by demands for fairness and accountability. This energy provides a foundation for aligning societal values with action.

You never change things by fighting the existing reality. To change something, build a new model that makes the existing model obsolete.
Buckminster Fuller

Fear as a Personal Process

For individuals, the election has amplified fear and despair, mirroring the energy of Point 6 in the Enneagram. While paralyzing at first, these emotions offer an opportunity for profound inner transformation if approached with awareness. The hexad (Points 1, 4, 2, 8, 5, 7) provides a roadmap for moving beyond fear into constructive possibilities.
- Point 1: Reconnecting with Core Values –The first step is to clarify what truly matters. Fear scatters attention, but grounding yourself in core principles—such as fairness, compassion, and justice—offers stability. Ask, What do I stand for? What is non-negotiable at this moment? Aligning with your values can transform fear into a motivating force for action.
- Point 4: Acknowledging Emotions – Fear and despair must be acknowledged, not suppressed. This stage involves sitting with uncomfortable emotions, allowing them to surface and deepen your understanding of their roots. Sharing vulnerability within a supportive community fosters connection and solidarity, helping transform isolation into belonging.
- Point 2: Engagement and Support – Fear often freezes action, but moving toward Point 2 involves seeking connection. Build networks, engage with like-minded individuals, and collaborate toward shared goals. This shift from internal paralysis to external engagement energizes the process, transforming despair into meaningful action.
- Point 8: Mobilizing Strength – As engagement grows, so does the need for Point 8 energy—empowerment and the courage to confront challenges. This is the moment to stand firm in the face of perceived threats, mobilizing inner strength without falling into aggression. Healthy Point 8 energy channels fear into constructive power.
- Point 5: Reflecting and Strategizing – After taking action, reflection becomes essential. Point 5 energy invites careful analysis and long-term planning. What is working? What needs adjustment? This stage ensures that action remains intentional and aligned with overarching goals.
- Point 7: Finding Hope and Possibility – Finally, fear gives way to hope. Point 7 represents innovation and the reemergence of joy. Here, creative solutions take root, and individuals reconnect with a sense of possibility, imagining a future shaped by collective effort and vision.
Triadic Forces

Both personal and societal processes are governed by the Enneagram’s Law of Three, which highlights the interplay of three forces:
- Active Force: Fear and despair catalyze movement, creating urgency for change.
- Passive Force: Systemic or emotional Obstacles must be acknowledged and navigated.
- Reconciling Force: Trust and collaboration harmonize tensions, transforming fear into constructive action.
Hope is not the conviction that something will turn out well,
but the certainty that something makes sense,
regardless of how it turns out.
Václav Havel

Integration and Unity

At its core, the Enneagram reminds us that every process returns to the circle, symbolizing wholeness and interconnectedness. For society, this means using the shock point of the election to build stronger, more inclusive systems. For individuals, it means integrating fear into a more extensive understanding of resilience and purpose.

Societal Unfoldment
1. Fear and uncertainty (Point 6) expose systemic vulnerabilities, forcing collective reflection.
2. Action rooted in shared values (Point 1) and emotional connection (Point 4) creates momentum.
3. Strength (Point 8) and strategy (Point 5) combine to build resilience.
4. Finally, hope and innovation (Point 7) guide society toward a unified vision (Point 9).
Personal Transformation

While painful, fear becomes a gateway to growth when approached with awareness. The process moves from paralysis to clarity, connection, empowerment, and hope, allowing individuals to navigate uncertainty with greater trust in their inner resources.

Fear and Crisis as Catalysts

The election and its aftermath reflect personal and collective journeys through fear and uncertainty. The Enneagram teaches that these moments while challenging, are not endpoints—they are opportunities for transformation. By engaging consciously with the process, we can move beyond despair, turning fear into clarity, connection, and constructive action. Whether as individuals or as a society, the Enneagram reminds us that the possibility for renewal and integration remains even in darkness. Through conscious participation, we can transform this shock point into a moment of profound growth—one step, one point, one possibility at a time.
November 20
The Crucible for This Type 8

Type 8’s Journey – Childhood Rebellion to Unyielding Resilience

Forming and developing ego structure and personality is not a manufacturing process. There are stages of development, but there isn’t an assembly line where everything makes linear sense. Instead of testing your patience with attempting to share insights into this Enneagram Type 8 personality, I thought it might serve others for me to focus on a particular aspect of my personality that developed as a survival strategy but now lingers as a predisposition for continuing pain and suffering for myself and others.

One piece of early history might prove insightful. My birth was traumatic in that my mother almost died from aspirating on her vomit. When the medical staff realized she was blue and choking to death, the adrenalin in the room spiked, and I was whisked off to the nursery. It was hours before I was reconnected with my mother. This seems to have been incorporated into my psyche as – the world is a cold, hostile place. This led to a later conviction: The world is an anvil, and life is a hammer. I will survive.

Fast forward fifteen or sixteen years.

I was never interested in or good at sports, and I’ve never enjoyed exercise to the point where I engage in it with enthusiasm and delight. My body mostly felt clunky to me. I had parents who seemed uninterested in their children. They didn’t want to know about their internal worlds. We grew up in a military family with discipline and were expected to follow orders.

I was not fond of orders, not the intent, but the fact that I wasn’t considered. My feelings were inconsequential to the decisions being made. NEWSFLASH! – I developed a strong rebelliousness against authority.

As a child, I also got into a few fights, which I rarely won. I developed a rage and hatred around being picked on, whether physically or emotionally. So, by the time I was sixteen, I had a clear sense that “when I get out of this house,” nobody is going pick on me or hurt me – they will need to be prepared to die because I’m not going to fuck around with civilized rules of boxing or whatever,

If you want to pick a fight with me, I’m going to pick up the nearest object and club you with it – we’re not going outside to see if your physical prowess can lead to bruises, bleeding, and humiliation for me.

As an adult, I’ve never been in a fight because when I left the nest, I started cranking up a forcefield of energy that said – If you fuck with me, you’re going to die. Couple that with denial of fear, and I felt secure in most situations. Also, I’m 6’2” and have been 220 to 240 for most of my adult life.

Many people see me as big, but I don’t feel big; I feel normal. Depending on their sense of presence or intelligence, I can perceive five-foot women and string-bean guys as big.

As you can imagine, my survival strategy created many difficulties and challenges.

Here’s the point I want to make – that energy still haunts me to this day. Despite my personal work, people can still pick up on that residual stance – and I’ve been actively working with its dissolution for over thirty years.

Perhaps what people pick up on is not so much the potential for violence but my intensity in exploring myself and reality. I’m not so focused on danger and survival, but I am intense, and I have those eight challenges around—I know what’s true and have the stamina to go a great distance when others need to take a break.

I find the polarity and violence in the world painful and sad. It doesn’t break my heart as my heart has been wide open to its effects for years and years. I keep my heart open as I never want to return to where I came from.

It saddens me when people allow their projections and ideas to get in the way of inquiry. The world is a mess in many ways. Thoughts, prayers, and social memes are not as effective as – Can I talk to you for sec?

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November 2
The Enneagram Continues to Grow in Popularity
People can’t get enough of the enneagram!

Are you ready to unlock the secrets of your personality? Look no further than the Enneagram, a model of personality types that has captivated self-discovery enthusiasts for the past 30 years.

I am excited to share my unique perspective on this fascinating system with you. In this blog post, we will delve into the intricacies of the Enneagram’s nine distinct personality types, and discover how understanding them can lead to greater self-awareness and personal growth.

But first, let’s answer the question on everyone’s mind: what exactly is the Enneagram? The Enneagram symbol, a nine-pointed diagram, represents nine different personality types and their specific characteristics, motivations, and potential growth areas. The Enneagram is built on the principle that our personalities are driven by our core fears and desires, and that each person can be placed into one of these nine types based on their unique blend of these fears and desires.

So, are you ready to discover which Enneagram type you are and unlock the secrets of your personality? Join me on this journey of self-discovery as we explore the Enneagram together!

As we dive deeper into the Enneagram, we come across the concept of wings. Wings are the two types adjacent to an individual’s main type, and they can play a significant role in shaping how a person expresses their core traits. For example, a person with a dominant type of Four (The Individualist) with a wing of Five (The Investigator) may express themselves differently than someone with a dominant type of Four with a wing of Three (The Achiever). Understanding your wings can give you a more nuanced understanding of yourself and others.

Another important concept in the Enneagram is that of integration and disintegration. This refers to the mental and emotional states of each type. When a person is in a state of integration (more relaxed and secure), they are able to access their strengths and make use of them in a healthy and productive way. In contrast, when a person is in a state of disintegration (more stress and defensiveness), they tend to fall back on their coping mechanisms and may struggle to access their strengths. Understanding these states can help you identify patterns in your behavior and work towards achieving greater balance and well-being.

Finally, the Enneagram also addresses the concept of instinctual subtypes. This refers to the different ways in which each type can express their personality based on their dominant instincts – self-preservation, social, and sexual. For example, a person with a dominant type of Seven (The Enthusiast) with a self-preservation instinctual subtype may prioritize their physical and material well-being, while someone with a social instinctual subtype may focus more on their relationships and connections with others. Understanding your instinctual subtype can give you further insight into your motivations and behavior.

As we can see the Enneagram is a rich and complex system, with many layers to explore and discover. So buckle up as we dive deeper into this journey of self-discovery and personal growth!

A Framework for Self-understanding

One of the major advantages of the Enneagram is its ability to provide a framework for understanding how different personality types interact with one another and how each type reacts to more or less stress in their lives. This can be particularly helpful in improving communication and building stronger relationships with others.

Many people, when first introduced to the Enneagram, are amazed at the insights it provides into their personality, behavior, and history. The Enneagram can be a powerful tool for self-awareness and personal development.

It’s also important to remember that the Enneagram is just one model of personality types and that individuals may exhibit traits from multiple types. Each of us have all the Enneagram types in our psyche, it’s a matter of which one is more dominant in contributing to our sense of self and our habits of attention and behavior.

It’s also worth noting that the Enneagram is not a one-size-fits-all solution to understanding oneself and should be used as one tool among many in the pursuit of personal and professional growth. It’s not meant to be used for labeling or putting people into boxes, but to help people understand themselves and their relationships with others better.

So, whether you’re looking to improve your relationships, gain a deeper understanding of yourself, or simply learn more about human nature, the Enneagram is definitely worth exploring. You’ll be amazed at the insights and understanding you’ll gain!

A Map of the Human Psyche

At its core, the Enneagram is a map of the human psyche that describes how individuals perceive and respond to the world around them. It is made up of nine distinct personality types, each of which is represented by a number and with its own set of characteristics, motivations, and tendencies. The Enneagram provides a holistic understanding of the human psyche, taking into account not only an individual’s personality traits but also their unconscious drives and inner conflicts. By understanding their enneagram type, individuals can gain insight into their patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior, and learn how to grow and develop in healthy ways.

By exploring the different “enneatypes”, you can gain insight into yourself and better understand your beliefs and impulses. This deeper understanding of yourself can lead to a more fulfilling life, both personally and spiritually. With this knowledge, you can take your journey of self-discovery to the next level.

The Enneagram excels at unlocking understanding of the “false self”, the sense of self based on history, which is key to unlocking personal and spiritual growth. By exploring the nine distinct personality types, we can gain a better understanding of ourselves as well as a deeper understanding of others. This can help us form healthier relationships and cultivate better communication. With this knowledge, we can create a better world for ourselves and for those around us, and that’s an incredibly powerful tool to have at our disposal.

Understanding Enneagram Types

Do you ever find yourself wondering what personality type you are? The Enneagram can help us identify our strengths, weaknesses, and motivations, allowing us to become more self-aware and open to personal growth. This sophisticated system of personality typing provides an in-depth look into one’s sense of self and their behavior, and it’s not only a psychological tool but potentially a spiritual one as well.

Overview of Enneagram Types

The enneagram of personality types is an easily understood, yet sophisticated system of personality typing. It is a psychological and, potentially, spiritual tool that can help people improve their personal lives and support their spiritual growth by exploring their ego-self’s, motivations, strengths, weaknesses, and potential. It provides an in-depth look into one’s sense of self and their behavior.

I can attest to the power of this system in both personal and professional settings. In the workplace, understanding the Enneagram can lead to improved communication and collaboration within teams. By understanding the personality types of our coworkers, we can learn to communicate more effectively and find ways to work together more harmoniously.

But the benefits of the Enneagram don’t stop there. This sophisticated system of personality typing is a powerful tool for self-discovery and personal growth. By exploring the different “enneatypes”, we can gain insight into ourselves and better understand our beliefs and impulses. Understanding our personality is key to unlocking personal and spiritual growth, as it exposes what we refer to as the “false self,” the sense of self based on our history. The enneagram excels at unlocking this deeper understanding of ourselves which can lead to a more fulfilling life, both personally and spiritually.

How the Enneagram Can Help You Understand Yourself and Others

By exploring the nine distinct personality types, we can gain a better understanding of ourselves as well as a deeper understanding of others. This can help us form healthier relationships and cultivate better communication. With this knowledge, we can create a better world for ourselves and for those around us, and that’s an incredibly powerful tool to have at our disposal. It’s a great first step on our journey of personal discovery and spiritual growth. With this knowledge, we can create a better world for ourselves and for those around us.

Overall, the enneagram is a powerful tool that can also be beneficial in professional settings, by helping team members understand their own personalities as well as the personalities of their coworkers. This understanding can lead to improved communication and collaboration, as team members learn how to work with and understand one another’s strengths, weaknesses, and motivations. Furthermore, it can also help managers and leaders in understanding the different personalities within their team, and how they can best lead and manage them.

Additionally, the enneagram can be used as a tool for personal development, by identifying the areas where one may have difficulty and need improvement. This self-awareness can help individuals make changes in their life, and to become more self-aware, more self-accepting, and more open to personal growth. So, are you ready to discover your true self?

The Nine Enneagram Types According to Don Riso and Helen Palmer

Helen Palmer and Don Riso authored two of the first and most popular books on the enneagram of personality types. Both were early pioneers in the field of the enneagram, both promoting it and teaching it to thousands of people worldwide. They each have their own unique approach to understanding the nine personality types.

Palmer’s approach to the enneagram is based on the idea that each of the nine types has a specific set of characteristics and tendencies that are associated with their core motivations. She emphasizes the importance of understanding how these motivations influence an individual’s behavior and relationships, and how they are used as a path toward more self-knowledge.

Riso’s approach focuses more on the unconscious dynamics that underlie each of the nine types. He believes that a specific fear motivates each type, and that understanding these underlying drives are key to understanding why individuals behave the way they do. Riso also emphasizes the importance of integrating the different parts of the psyche in order to achieve personal growth.

While there are some similarities between the two approaches, there are also some significant differences. For example, Palmer places a greater emphasis on the positive aspects of each type, while Riso focuses more on the negative aspects. Palmer’s approach is considered to be more accessible and user-friendly, while Riso’s approach is seen as more complex and theoretical.

Despite these differences, both Palmer and Riso’s approaches to the enneagram have helped to popularize the system and make it more accessible to a wider audience. Their books and teachings have provided valuable insights into the enneagram and have helped countless people understand themselves and others better.

Enneagram Type 1 – A strong sense of integrity built upon right and wrong that drives a desire for improvement and excellence.

According to Riso, individuals with an enneagram type one personality are motivated by a fear of being flawed or imperfect, and they are perfectionists who are highly principled and conscientious. They are often hardworking, responsible, and reliable, and they strive to do things “the right way.” However, they can also be critical of themselves and others, and they may struggle with feelings of guilt and a tendency to be overly critical.

Palmer’s description of enneagram type one is similar, but with a slightly distinct emphasis. She describes individuals with this type as having a strong sense of right and wrong, and a desire to live their values. They are responsible, orderly, and ethical, and they strive for improvement and excellence in all areas of their life. However, they can also be self-critical and prone to feeling guilty or anxious when they feel that they have not lived up to their own high standards.

Overall, both Riso and Palmer’s descriptions of enneagram type 1 highlight the importance of integrity and a desire for improvement, but they offer slightly different perspectives on the specific motivations and challenges of these nine personality types.

Enneagram 1 might say
“I am responsible and committed to doing what is right.”

“I am always striving to be the best version of myself.”

“I am driven to improve the world and make it a better place.”

“I am a perfectionist and set high standards for myself.”

“I am a hard worker and dedicated to achieving my goals.”
Enneagram Type 2 – motivated by a desire to be of service and to create harmony in relationships.

Riso says that individuals with an enneagram type 2 personality are motivated by a fear of being unlovable or unwanted, and they are generous, caring, and empathetic. They are often helpful and supportive, and they strive to be needed and valued by others. However, they can also struggle with feelings of inadequacy and a tendency to be codependent or overly helpful.

Palmer describes individuals of this type as being caring, generous, and empathetic, and as having a strong desire to be of service to others. They are often supportive and nurturing, and they strive to create harmony in their relationships. However, they can also struggle with feelings of inadequacy and a tendency to be codependent or overly helpful.

Both Riso and Palmer highlight the importance of a desire to help and be of service to others.

Enneagram 2 might say:
“I am caring and supportive of those around me.”

“I am always looking for ways to help and serve others.”

“I am a giver and place others’ needs above my own.”

“I am a compassionate and empathetic person.”

“I am a nurturing and loving individual.”
Enneagram Type 3 – motivated by a desire for success and achievement.

Riso notes that enneagram type 3’s personality are motivated by a fear of being unworthy or incompetent, and they are driven, ambitious, and focused on achieving success. They are often hardworking and efficient, and they strive to be competent and accomplished in all areas of their life. However, they can also be prone to feelings of inadequacy and a tendency to be overly concerned with image and status.

Palmer’s emphasis describes individuals of this type as being driven, ambitious, focused on achieving success, and having a strong desire to be competent and accomplished. They are often efficient and hardworking, and they strive to be respected and admired by others. However, they can also struggle with feelings of inadequacy and a tendency to be overly concerned with image and status.

Enneagram 3 might say:
“I am ambitious and driven to succeed.”

“I am a high performer and strive for excellence.”

“I am a go-getter and always looking for ways to improve.”

“I am image-conscious and want to present myself in the best light.”

“I am a competent and capable individual.”
Enneagram Type 4 – emotionally sensitive, creative, and introspective.

Type 4, according to Riso, is motivated by a deep inner fear of being without identity or worth, and a desire to be unique and to stand out from others. As a result, they are highly self-aware and introspective and may struggle with feelings of sadness or melancholy when they feel they are not living up to their own potential.

Palmer emphasizes the interpersonal dynamics of Enneagram Type 4, viewing them as emotionally expressive, creative, and sensitive individuals who are motivated by a desire to connect with others on a deep, emotional level. We often see them as artistic and sensitive but may struggle with feelings of inadequacy and a tendency to become overly self-absorbed.

Riso focuses more on the individual psychological motivations of this type, while Palmer emphasizes the interpersonal dynamics and relationships of Enneagram Type 4.

Enneagram 4 might say:
“I am unique and authentic, and I express myself in my own way.”

“I am sensitive and deeply emotional.”

“I am creative and expressive.”

“I am introspective and always seeking to understand my own emotions.”

“I am deeply connected to my feelings and the emotions of others.”
Enneagram Type 5 – is an individual who is highly analytical, independent, and self-sufficient.

Riso speaks of Enneagram Type 5 as being motivated by a deep inner fear of being overwhelmed or incompetent, and a desire to understand and know as much as possible in order to feel secure and capable. As a result, they are highly analytical, independent, and detached, and may struggle with feelings of isolation or a lack of connection to others.

Palmer views type 5 as independent, analytical, and resourceful individuals who are motivated by a desire to understand the world around them and to feel competent and self-sufficient. We often see them as knowledgeable and reliable but may struggle with a tendency to become overly detached or isolated from others.

Enneagram 5 might say:
“I am a thinker and always seeking to learn and understand more.”

“I am independent and value my autonomy.”

“I am private and keep my counsel.”

“I am reflective and enjoy time alone to process and analyze information.”

“I am knowledgeable and well-informed.”
Enneagram Type 6 – is responsible, loyal, and security-oriented.

According to Riso, a deep inner fear of being without support or guidance, and a desire to feel secure and to have a strong sense of connection to others motivates enneagram type sixes. As a result, they are highly responsible and reliable, and anxious and may struggle with feelings of insecurity or a lack of confidence in their own decisions.

Palmer focuses more on the interpersonal dynamics of type six, viewing them as responsible and loyal, and supportive individuals motivated by a desire to be a part of a team or community.

Enneagram 6 might say:
“I am reliable and responsible, and can be relied on to follow through.”

“I am a loyal and supportive friend.”

“I am a hard worker and committed to doing my best.”

“I am responsible and take my commitments seriously.”

“I am a team player and work well with others.”
Enneagram Type 7 – is spontaneous, energetic, and adventurous.

Palmer emphasizes the interpersonal dynamics of enneagram type 7, viewing them as energetic, spontaneous, and optimistic individuals motivated by a desire to experience new and exciting things. We often see them as fun-loving and adventurous but may struggle with a tendency to become scattered or over-committed.

While Riso sees type 7 as motivated by a deep inner fear of being deprived or stuck in a painful situation, and a desire to find enjoyment and avoid pain. As a result, they are highly optimistic, spontaneous, and restless and may struggle with feelings of futility or a lack of meaning in their lives.

Enneagram 7 might say:
“I am adventurous and love trying new things.”

“I am optimistic and always look on the bright side.”

“I am spontaneous and enjoy living in the moment.”

“I am energetic and full of ideas.”

“I am a positive and joyful person.”
Enneagram Type 8 – an individual who is self-confident, assertive, and decisive.

For Riso, a deep inner fear of being controlled or manipulated by others, and a desire to be in control and to protect themselves and others motivates enneagram type 8. As a result, they tend to be strong-willed, assertive, and confrontational and may struggle with feelings of vulnerability or a lack of intimacy in their relationships.

Palmer offers type 8 as self-confident, assertive, and decisive individuals who are motivated by a desire to be in control and to protect themselves and others. They are often seen as powerful leaders but may struggle with a tendency to become overly aggressive or domineering.

Enneagram 8 might say:
“I am a leader and take charge when necessary.”

“I am independent and self-reliant.”

“I am assertive and speak my mind.”

“I am confident and self-assured.”
Enneagram Type 9 – is easygoing, receptive, and peace-loving. However, they differ in their understanding of the motivations and behaviors of this type.

Riso describes nines as motivated by a deep inner fear of loss or separation, and a desire to maintain inner peace and harmony. As a result, they tend to be easygoing, receptive, and resistant to change and may struggle with feelings of disconnection or a lack of personal identity.

Palmer says nines are easygoing, receptive, and peace-loving individuals who are motivated by a desire to maintain harmony and avoid conflict. We often see them as calming influences but may struggle with a tendency to become overly accommodating or passive.

Enneagram 9 might say:
“I am easygoing and try to avoid conflict.”

“I am a peacemaker and strive to create harmony.”

“I am patient and understanding.”

“I am accepting and open-minded.”

“I am a mediator and try to bring people together.”
The Spiritual Enneagram

Sandra Maitri is a well-known author and teacher in enneagram studies, and she has developed a unique approach to understanding the nine personality types. Her books The Spiritual Dimension of the Enneagram and The Enneagram of Passions and Virtues are well-known among enneagram enthusiasts and provide valuable insights into the enneagram and its spiritual dimension.

Maitri emphasizes the enneagram is a map of the human psyche that describes how individuals perceive and respond to the world around them. Her approach is a unique perspective that combines the psychological and spiritual aspects of the nine types. She sees the ego and personality as defensive in nature as Frued postulated. They are coping (survival) strategies developed through trial and error as a means to control our environment and life. Maitri draws attention to the defensive strategies of each type and how they impact our behavior and relationships. Enneagram enthusiasts see Maitri’s approach as a deeper dive into the psyche and providing us with an understanding of the unconscious motivations of each type. This helps individuals to discover their unique path toward self-discovery and self-actualization.

As you can see, all three of these approaches to the enneagram describe the nine personality types in terms of their underlying motivations and tendencies. However, there are some differences in the way that they describe these types, with Riso focusing on the fears that drive each type, Palmer focusing on the core desires, and Maitri focusing on the defensive strategies that each type uses to cope with the challenges and stresses of life.

Here is a chart comparing Don Riso’s, Helen Palmer’s, and Sandra Maitri’s approaches to the nine enneagram personality types:

Enneagram Pioneers Ichazo and Naranjo

Oscar Ichazo and Claudio Naranjo are both renowned figures in the field of enneagram studies, each with their own unique perspective on the nine personality types. Ichazo, the founder of the Arica School, views the enneagram as a tool for spiritual growth and refers to the nine types as “enneatypes,” each associated with a specific “fixation” or limited perspective on the world. Naranjo, a Chilean psychiatrist, and spiritual teacher, sees the enneagram as a tool for understanding psychological defense mechanisms, referring to the nine types as “enneatypes” motivated by specific fears or desires that shape behavior and relationships. Both approaches share similarities in their understanding of the nine types as being associated with specific defense mechanisms or “fixations.”

Here is a chart comparing Oscar Ichazo’s and Claudio Naranjo’s approaches to the nine enneagram personality types:

How to Use the Enneagram to Improve Your Life

There are many ways that the enneagram can improve one’s life. Some of the most common ways include:
- Increasing self-awareness: The enneagram can be a powerful tool for self-discovery, helping individuals to understand their unconscious drives and inner conflicts. This increased self-awareness can lead to a greater sense of personal agency and the ability to make more intentional choices in life.
- Personal development: By understanding their own enneagram type, individuals can gain insight into their patterns of thought, emotion, and behavior, and learn how to grow and develop in healthy ways. This can involve working with a coach or therapist, reading books or taking courses, or taking part in workshops or retreats.
- Improving relationships: By understanding the enneagram types of those around them, individuals can learn to communicate more effectively and find ways to work together more harmoniously. This can be especially helpful in professional settings, where understanding the personality types of coworkers can improve teamwork and collaboration.
- Deepening Psychological and Emotional Insight and Understanding: By learning about the enneagram, individuals can gain a greater understanding of the human psyche and how it operates. This can help them identify areas of their life that may be holding them back and develop strategies for overcoming these challenges and achieving their goals.
March 18